The Marburg Virus Essays - Zoonoses, Biological Weapons,

The Marburg Virus Many new viruses are emerging from the rainforest every year. The deadly viruses include the Ebola, Marburg, and AIDS viruses. They are some of the most destructive and lethal viruses that human kind has ever seen. They seem to affect most of the body and it's organs with some rather gruesome symptoms. Although most die ending their suffering, some survive to relay the story of their pain. The Marburg virus described in "The Hot Zone" , by Richard Preston, exemplifies these new gruesome viruses well. A person is infected with the virus through sexual contact or contact with bodily fluid(29,39). After infection, the symptoms begin within seven days(14). The symptoms begin with a headache. This headache worsens throughout the day spreading to pain in the eyes and temples. On the second day the victim begins to feel horrible back pains(14). These symptoms of the first stage of the virus are considerably vague. The victim can easily mistake these symptoms as something minor such as the flu, thus delaying diagnosis. During the second stage of the virus the symptoms become more visual. At this stage the victim becomes a little more aware that there is something more serious than the flu wrong with them. During this stage the victim's eyes begin to turn red in color and the face loses all appearance of life(15). "His face lost all appearance of life and set itself into an expressionless mask, with eyeballs fixed, paralytic, and staring. The eyelids were slightly droopy, which gave him a peculiar appearance, as if his eyes were popping out of his head. The eyeballs themselves seemed frozen in their sockets, and they turned bright red. The skin of his face turned yellowish, with brilliant starlike red speckles."(15) This passage describes Charles Monet who, at this point, is just entering the second stage of the Marburg virus. His skin became jaundice and his eyes have started to turn red, these were the first visible signs that there was something seriously wrong with him(15). At this point Monet's personality was said to have changed. He was described as sullen, resentful, angry, and he was beginning to lose his memory(15). The symptoms of the virus at this point could still be mistaken for another disease such as Malaria. Dr. Shem Musoke mistook the virus for Malaria when he was in this stage of the virus(29). When given a shot for Malaria, he remarked that "He had never felt such pain from a shot; it was abnormal and memorable."(30) The third stage of the virus is by far the most damaging of the stages. "His eyes are the color of rubies, and his face is an expressionless mass of bruises. The red spots, which a few days before had started out as starlike speckles, have expanded and now merge into huge, spontaneous purple shadows: his whole head is turning black-and-blue. The muscles of his face droop. The connective tissue in his face is dissolving, and his face appears to hang from the underlying bone, as if the face is detaching itself from the skull."(17-18) This passage describes Monet during the third stage of the virus. At this point the victim begins to vomit uncontrollably. This black spotted, red vomit is known as "vomito negro", or the "black vomit". This vomit is loaded with the virus(18). At this point "extreme amplification"(18) is starting to take place. Extreme amplification is the saturation of the body with virus particles. At this point it is said that there may be over a hundred million particl es of the virus in one drop of the victims blood. Black vomit is the first sign of extreme amplification(18). Blood clot begin to occur throughout the body at the point. The intestines begin to die for lack of blood. Depersonalization starts to take place. This is the wiping away of the victim's personality by brain damage. Spots on the brain are liquefying(19). During the final stage "? the human virus bomb explodes."(23) At this stage the host is said to "crash and bled out"(23). The victim begins to feel weak and their spine goes limp. At this point the victim goes into shock.(23) Massive quantities of blood are expelled from the mouth and

Gestalt Key Concepts Essay Example

Gestalt Key Concepts Essay Example Gestalt Key Concepts Paper Gestalt Key Concepts Paper Gestalt therapy aims for self knowledge, acceptance and growth by looking at the current existence. This theory entails concepts around what is actually currently happening rather than what has happened in the past. It focuses on the here and now, not on what should be, could be or what was. From this present centred forcus, one can become clear about ones needs, wishes, goals and values. The concepts emphasized in gestalt therapy are creative adjustment and modification, unfinished business, Zones of awareness, creative indifference Creative adjustment and modification: contact is necessary if change and growth are to occur. Contact is made by, seeing, hearing, smelling, touching and moving. It is made effectively by interacting with nature and other people without one losing their individuality, however people often resist contract. Resistance to contact are defences we develop to prevent us from experiencing the present. These modification are called introjection, projection, retoflection,, deflection and confluence. The therapist is to help the client to become aware of how there are blocking there contact with themselves and environment. Unfinished business: This refers to clients who do finish things in their lives and often relates to people with growth disorder. Clients with unfinished business often resent the present and because of this are unable to focus on the here and now. For example if figures emergy from the background but are not completed and resolved, clients or individuals are left with unfinished business and this can manifest in expressed feelings such as resentment, frustration, rage, pain , anxitey, and grief. : Zones of awareness: this concept where you focus on what one is in touch with and in situations requiring such attention. It is thought that is leads to insight results in change or adjustment. This concept encourages the client to directly experience a situation rather then talk about it. These three zone of awareness according to gestalt therapy, outer zone, middle zone and inner zone. We / clients can get struck in any of these zones. Its best being able to be choose from one zone to another in order to develop self awareness. Awareness is needed in situations where thinking and acting are not working and in which one does not learn from experience. It helps the client gain awarenesss of what there are experiencing and doing at that particular time in there life. Outer zone: this is where the client makes contact with the outer world through the use of all senses. This includes awareness of there environment and the other people. Middle zone: this zone includes all over thinking process and what we imagine, fantasize, memories and daydream. Inner zone: this zone is concerned with what we feel, experience, dreamworld, our emotions and bodily sensations. We make statements such as â€Å"I am noticing†, â€Å"I am imagining†, â€Å"I am feeling† there relate to the three zones by paying attention to all three zones we can heighten our own awareness so that we become a highly attend instrument, assessing what is going on and for using this knowledge to help build the relationship we want with ourselves and the client.

Exploring the Complexity of Trinity and Identifying its Applicative Term Paper

Exploring the Complexity of Trinity and Identifying its Applicative Issues Introduction - Term Paper Example Though certain aspects of the Christian teaching were passed on the Christian culture, the extent of such permeation was considered superficial. Inclusive of these failing Christian aspects was the Trinity. The scope of the study covers two major themes: the exploration of the complexities surrounding the purlieu of Trinity and the identification of issues in terms of applying the concept of Trinity in the Christian life. Thus, this work attempts to provide answers and insights to questions and themes involving the current state of the Trinity in the Christian worship, the collection of the Trinity’s perspective-critiques, and the application issues. The overall structure shall be inclusive of the methodology; this feature aims to present the method followed in the coverage of this paper’s scope and inherent objectives. The structure of the paper also consists of the purview and critiques assigned for the complexity-exploration and the application issues for the identif ication section. Apart from these main sections, the paper shall also brief some implications of this study in the conclusions-part. Moreover, while the critiques of the Trinitarian concept successfully warranted its spot in the controversial light, its significance is, nevertheless, uncontested. As a direct, symbolical aspect of the Christian worship, the Trinity’s contribution to the development of the Christian’s strength in faith is at its edge. The reliance to ambiguous Christian aspects, such as the Trinity, is considered to be the thorn of Christian worship and, probably, faith. Methodology To effectively present the exploration and identification of Trinitarian concepts and application, the study conveniently divided the themes to three focuses. The first focus, ‘The Trinity,’ presented the basics of the Christian aspect, namely: manifestations, Bible dereference, and the visualization approaches. These parts served to illustrate the Trinityâ€℠¢s foundations and the nature thereof. Moreover, this first focus is the first part of the exploration on the Trinity’s complexity. The second focus and the last part of this complexity-exploration is the headed, ‘Critiques.’ This part elaborated the components revolving around the ambiguity of the Trinity. It may include, but are not limited to, the compromise of God’s main concept, the wording of the Trinitarian concept, the opposing Social Doctrine of the Trinity as well as the inferiority of the creator god to the redeemer god. The last focus, the ‘Applicative Issues,’ deals with the circumstantial issues on applying the Trinity in Christian life. Though its presence in worship made the Trinitarian concept conceivable, its extension to the Christian way of life was soberly uncharted. Evidently, this last focus, which will shed light of the Trinity’s applicative issues, is the component of the second main theme (i.e. issue-identifica tion). The conclusion then closes the whole exploration and identification process by determining the implications of the study, as well as providing aspects of the Trinitarian research that are promising and uncovered. The Trinity, at a Glance The explicit manifestation of the Trinitarian interpretation were immortalized by the Bible verses (i.e. Matthew 28:19 and 2 Corinthians 13:14) that were incorporated in the Catholic

Learning style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning style - Essay Example Solitary is my best way of learning, where I carry out study on my own. Some prefer studying through social or group discussions among other styles. The reflection matches with mine since I have the unique learning style that I also prefer most, in addition, I also combine other learning styles as mentioned above. Generally, I prefer the use of solitary learning style which involves personal learning that does not involve the help of the other people. Personally, I am very shy to talk in front of other people, therefore, I do not feel comfortable in the other style like social which has to involve many people as well as the group discussions that will do have to contribute. Even though group discussions are good study habits, I do not participate so much when it comes to the group study. I do not speak so much in class, and I like keeping everything to myself, and fail to participate in the group discussion, or class participation like answering questions, demonstrations among others. Being a Non-American, I am afraid of raising my hand in front of other learners even when I know the answer because I feel they might laugh or mock me. Since I do not have the courage to face everyone, I do not contribute so much in class. Even though I do not interact so much with people, but I relate with very social friends. Physically, I enjoy playing with other people. Even though I do not talk too much, I use a lot of vocabulary to write (Erickson, p 12). My current study habit is that reading on my own in a quiet place, by so doing, I realize that I utilize my time well when I am seriously studying alone than when being with others. In fact, I sometimes prefer locking myself alone in the room to avoid external distractions. In my current study, I find it not working well with my learning style since; I realize that I need to combine a number of my learning style in order to achieve my objectives. I would prefer to adopt group

God of Small Things Quotes Essay Example for Free

God of Small Things Quotes Essay Extended metaphor: â€Å"Perhaps Ammu, Estha and she were the worst transgressors. But it wasnt just them. They all broke the rules. They all crossed into forbidden territory. They all crossed into forbidden territory. They all tampered with the laws that lay down who should be loved and how. And how much. The laws that make grandmothers grandmothers, uncles uncles, mothers mothers, cousins cousins, jam jam, and jelly jelly. Rahel and Estha live in a society with very rigid class lines. â€Å"Commonly held view that a married daughter had no position in her parent’s home. As for a divorced daughter – according to Baby Kochamma, she had no position anywhere at all. And for a divorced daughter from a love marriage, well, words could not describe Baby Kochamma’s outrage†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Chacko told the twins that, though he hated to admit it, they were all Anglophiles. They were a family of Anglophiles. Pointed in the wrong direction, trapped outside their own history and unable to retrace their steps because their footprints had been swept away† The concept of Anglophilia is a big one in this book, from the way everyone fawns over Sophie Mol, to Chackos cocky attitude about his Oxford degree, to the whole familys obsession with The Sound of Music. But its pretty clear that the thing they love also holds them down. When Chacko says their footprints have been swept away, he is making a reference to the way members of the Untouchable caste have to sweep away their footprints so that people of higher classes dont pollute themselves by walking in them. Even though by Indian standards their family is of a relatively high social status, they are of a low social status in relation to the British. Pappachi would not allow Paravans into the house. Nobody would. They were not allowed to touch anything that Touchables touched. Caste Hindus and Caste Christians. Mammachi told Estha and Rahel that she could remember a time, in her girlhood, when Paravans were expected to crawl backwards with a broom, sweeping away their footprints so that Brahmins or Syrian Christians would not defile themselves by accidentally stepping into a Paravans footprint. In Mammachis time, Paravans, like other Untouchables, were not allowed to walk on public roads, not allowed to cover their upper bodies, not allowed to carry umbrellas. They had to put their hands over their mouths when they spoke, to divert their polluted breath away from those whom they addressed. (2.270) This quote speaks volumes about the experience of the Untouchables, and it helps us appreciate the kinds of deeply ingrained attitudes that drive so much of the prejudice and hate we see in the novel. Then [Baby Kochamma] shuddered her schoolgirl shudder. That was when she said: How could she stand the smell? Havent you noticed? They have a particular smell, these Paravans. (13.129) Like Mammachi, Baby Kochamma has a heap of prejudices against other social classes, and these prejudices run deep. By disparaging Velutha out loud and saying that his smell must have been intolerable, she tries to show just how high class she is. Mammachis rage at the old one-eyed Paravan standing in the rain, drunk, dribbling and covered in mud was re-directed into a cold contempt for her daughter and what she had done. She thought of her naked, coupling in the mud with a man who was nothing but a filthy coolie. She imagined it in vivid detail: a Paravans coarse black hand on her daughters breast. His mouth on hers. His black hips jerking between her parted legs. The sound of their breathing. His particular Paravan smell. Like animals, Mammachi thought and nearly vomited. (13.131) Again, we see just how deeply Mammachis prejudices run. She doesnt see Ammu and Veluthas relationship as love between two people, as it might look to us. As far as she is concerned, it is as low as two animals going at it in the mud. The idea of a coolie (lower-class laborer) having sex with her daughter is so repulsive to Mammachi that it almost makes her puke. Still, to say that it all began when Sophie Mol came to Ayemenem is only one way of looking at it. Equally, it could be argued that it actually began thousands of years ago. Long before the Marxists came. Before the British took Malabar, before the Dutch Ascendancy, before Vasco da Gama arrived, before the Zamorins conquest of Calicut. Before three purple-robed Syrian bishops murdered by the Portuguese were found floating in the sea, with coiled sea serpents riding on their chests and oysters knotted in their tangled beards. It could be argued that it began long before Christianity arrived in a boat and seeped into Kerala like tea from a bag. That it really began in the days when the Love Laws were made. The laws that lay down who should be loved, and how. And how much. (1.207-210) This quote is full of what might seem like obscure references, but what its basically doing is pushing us to think about what caused everything to fall apart for Estha and Rahel. Did everything come crashing down because Sophie Mol came to Ayemenem? Or do the events of the novel happen as a result of decisions, actions, and rules that were made thousands of years before any of our characters were even born? Do things happen for a reason, because theyre part of this huge plan, or do they just happen because the world is fickle like that? [Estha] knew that if Ammu found out about what he had done with the Orangedrink Lemondrink Man, shed love him less as well. Very much less. He felt the shaming churning heaving turning sickness in his stomach. (4.245) We can be pretty sure that if Ammu ever found out that Estha was molested, she wouldnt be upset with him. Shed be unbelievably angry at the Orangedrink Lemondrink Man, but she would never actually blame Estha. Yet, in Esthas mind, what happened to him is his fault, and he carries it around as his shame Ammu touched her daughter gently. On her shoulder. And her touch meant Shhhh.Rahel looked around her and saw she was in a Play. But she had only a small part. She was just the landscape. A flower perhaps. Or a tree. A face in the crowd. A Townspeople. (8.48-50) This moment turns the way Rahel understands her role at home upside-down. All of a sudden, things are totally different than they usually are. Rahels realization that theyre in a play shows us that everyone here is playing a part to some extent – they arent being themselves. Sophie Mols arrival topples over Rahels reality; she goes from being one of the leads to being the nobody in the background. Now, all these years later, Rahel has a memory of waking up one night giggling at Esthas funny dream. She has other memories too that she has no right to have. She remembers, for instance (though she hadnt been there), what the Orangedrink Lemondrink Man did to Estha in Abhilash Talkies. She remembers the taste of the tomato sandwiches – Esthas sandwiches, that Estha ate – on the Madras Mail to Madras. (1.10-12) Rahels ability to remember things that happened to Estha and not her tells us a lot about their joint identity and how profoundly she understands him.

Edna Pontellier’s Sin in Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay examples --

Nora's Sin in The Awakening      Ã‚   In writing this paper, I believe, God has given me wings, strong wings, to help me fly above common literary convention. The prophet Isaiah said, "[T]hose who hope in the LORD will renew their strength. They will soar on wings like eagles. . ."(Isaiah 40:31). Because I believe the Bible is the complete word of God, I must conclude that that "The Awakening," by Kate Chopin, is "not a healthy book"(Culley 146). The truths presented in the Bible that lead me to this conclusion are the following. "The Awakening" has a central message that is contrary to Biblical Christianity, denying the headship of Christ and making it seem that people are basically animals and should be able to do whatever they want. It would be possible to argue that Kate Chopin is simply projecting that man is an animal lacking moral obligations without bringing Christianity into the picture, but Kate Chopin made several attacks on Christianity in her fable, and her seeming obsession with tearing down Christ ianity opens her up to Biblical criticism.    On two occasions, Chopin uses terms probably from the King James Version of the Bible, including the term for Christians as "the salt of the earth" and the "Holy Ghost." According to Chopin, Edna, lulled by the sea into deep self contemplation, "received [from herself] perhaps more wisdom than the Holy Ghost is usually pleased to vouchsafe to any woman"(Chopin 32). Why did Chopin have to bring the Holy Ghost into this? The Holy Ghost, termed Holy Spirit in modern translation, is acknowledged as being equal and one with God. She is using her own twisted irony to imply that Edna's awakening is a step superior to Christianity. The moral or ideal being projected to the read... ...iliar world that it had never known"(Chopin 136). This rebirth, very much different from the Christian rebirth or salvation, is an assertion that life isn't worth living when you are just an animal. This is the awakening that is being glorified by Kate Chopin, and it is not healthy.    Works Cited: Chopin, Kate. Walker, Nancy A. ed. The Awakening Boston, NY Bedford Books of St. Martin's Press. (c) 1993. Crowley, Aleister. The Book of the Law. Access via the world wide web.   URL: http://www.crl.com/~thelema/crowley.html Culley, Margaret. Ed. The Awakening: An Authoritative Text, Contexts, Criticism NY WW Norton, 1976. Nine Satanic Statements, The. Access via the world wide web.   URL: http://www.marshall.edu/~allen12/cosstate.html The King James Version of the Bible as set forth in 1611.   Bible Truth Publishers, Addison, Illinois. 1983.

O Henry’s Furnished Room Essay

The short story is about a young man searching for his love in a furnished room. He meets the owner of the furnished room that his love has rented recently. In the latter part of the story, the young man commits suicide in the same room where his love committed suicide, too. Moreover, the landlady tells to a friend that she knows the girl that the young man is looking for but she does not tell him because she is greatly taking care of her reputation and her business. She wants no one to know that someone committed suicide on her room because it won’t attract lodgers. INTRODUCTION This paper aims to analyze some stylistic features of O.Henry’s short story â€Å"the Furnished Room†, in order to make further analysis of O.Henry’s particular writing style and its specific effect. The short story was written not just to appraise the young man’s true love to his beloved but to reveal the truth that the capital society makes people cold-hearted. People in that society tends to be indifferent and cruel. They are the ones who LITERALLY mind their own businesses. STYLISTIC ANALYSIS 1. Lexical features and the according effects Adjectives Most of the vocabularies in the story are simple and easy to understand. But it’s obvious that the author also employs many complicated and abstract words, especially the adjectives, in order to create the complex atmosphere in the story. For example, when the author describes the room which the young man rents , large amount of adjectives like â€Å"faint ,sunless, viscid, unholy, rank, foul and tainted, haggard, perfunctory, sophistical, ragged, gilt, gay-papered, desolate, musty, dank, cold†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are used. They can bring visual imaginary and aid the description of the room and the things in it. Actually many of these adjectives are not common words and it’s a little difficult for the reader to understand them. The propose of using these vocabulary may be the author’s intention to let the reader to have a authentic feel of that room and the whole society. Complex word may help produce this kind o f feeling. Noun Phrases One main character of the story is Mrs. Purdy, the landlady. The author tries to describe her in details using some specific noun phrases, such as â€Å"an unwholesome, surfeited worm; her throat seemed lined with fur; furry throat†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Through that way more information of the landlady is added and a vivid figure of a disgusting woman was shown. This ugly appearance of the landlady can really provide a background of her hardheartedness mentioned later. 2. Syntactic features and the according effects This article contains various types of sentences, both simple and complex structure. The author uses not only declarative, but also â€Å"inverted sentences, subjunctive mood, indirect speech†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , aiming to achieve particular effect, such as to emphasize someone or something. Take the specific followings for example: (1) â€Å" Restless, shifting, fugacious as time itself, is a certain vast bulk of the population of the redbrick district of the lower West Side.† The â€Å"first is most important† principle is employed here. At the beginning of the passage, the author uses syntactic inversion to emphasize the unstable atmosphere of the district, aiming to present the background of the whole story at the first sentence. (2) â€Å"†¦ it would be strange if there could not be found a ghost or two in the wake of all these vagrant ghosts.† The subjunctive mood here shows the author’ attitude towards the real world and emphasizes the cruel reality of the society. (3) â€Å"To the door of this, the twelfth house whose bell he had rung, came a housekeeper who made him think of an unwholesome, surfeited worm that had eaten its nut to a hollow shell and now sought to fill the vacancy with edible lodgers. This sentence is rather long and complex, including one inverted sentence and three attributive clauses. The complexity is helpful for the description as it gives and withholds information. The step-by-step revelation can make the sentence coherent and close linked. The reader can be deeply impressed of the situation it describes. (4) â€Å"They comes and goes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ; â€Å"we has our living to be making†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (the landlady) The short form and grammatical mistake of these sentences prove that the landlady is not actually well-educated and her utterances can reveal her real character to the readers. 3. Phonological features and the according effects In the view of phonology, the story has a specific feature produced by the character of Mrs. McCool, the landlady’s friend. She speaks with non-standard English and sounds strange. (1) â€Å"Now, did ye, Mrs. Purdy, ma’am?† said Mrs. McCool, with intense admiration. â€Å"You do be a wonder forrentin’ rooms of that kind. And did ye tell him, then?† (2) â€Å"Yis, ma’am; ’tis true. ‘Tis just one wake ago this day I helped ye lay out the third floor, back. A pretty slip of a colleen she was to be killin’ herself wid the gas Compared with Mrs. Purdy, Mrs. McCool speaks with non-standard English which is full of grammatical mistakes. The underlined words show some features of â€Å"Black English Vernacular. It implies that maybe she is poor-educated and simple-minded. Her social status can aid with making up the background of the story. 4. Semantic features/figures of speech and the according effects The use of characteristic figures of speech in this article is frequent and effective. Obviously the rhetorical devices here can make the description more realistic and impressing. Take some examples from the story for support. (1) â€Å"their vine is entwined about a picture hat; a rubber plant is their fig tree.† Traditionally â€Å"vine† and â€Å"fig tree† are often planted in house yard and here they stand for stable and happy family life. The author uses metaphor to show peoples’ eager for happy family life, which is not restless any more. (2) â€Å"†¦a housekeeper who made him think of an unwholesome, surfeited worm that had eaten its nut to a hollow shell and now sought to fill the vacancy with edible lodgers.† The author describes the landlady as a â€Å"worm† in order to dram a vivid picture of a greedy woman who always hungers for profit. The employment of animizing produces special effect which may make the reader smile and i mpressed. (3) â€Å"It seemed to have become vegetable; to have degenerated in that rank, sunless air to lush Lichen or spreading moss The carpet in the room are said to become â€Å"vegetable, lichen and moss†, which are disgusting things. What the atmosphere of the room is like can be clearly shown through that metaphor. (4) â€Å"†¦ but it was like a monstrous quicksand, shifting its particles constantly, with no foundation, its upper granules of to-day buried to-morrow in ooze and slime.† The simile here is quite obvious which compare the city as â€Å"quicksand†. It draws a real picture of the cruel city and society which is a heaven and also a hell. The reader may understand why the hero of the story feels desperate and commits suicide hopelessly. CONCLUSION Through the analysis of the stylistic features of O. Henry’s short story â€Å"the Furnished Room†, it can help the reader more understand the writing style of the author. The author uses specific adjectives and phrase to emphasize his description; employs some complex sentences to achieve particular effect; employs some rhetorical devices, such as figures of speech, to make his story more, picturesque; also use the special way of â€Å"surprise ending† to produces the irony and surprising effect at the end of the story.